STRONGS H1571:
Abbreviations
גַּם 768 adverb denoting
addition, also, moreover, yea (Moabite
id., also Zinjirli (Lzb
250 Cooke
166); probably akin to √
جَمَّ; compare
جَمًّا (accusative)
in a mass, altogether) —
1. also, moreover, emphasizing sometimes the thought of an entire sentence, but more usually the word immediately following, as Genesis 3:6 וַתִּתֵּן גַּם לְאִישָׁהּ and gave also to her husband, Genesis 3:27 and take also of the tree of life, Genesis 7:3; Genesis 19:21; Genesis 24:19; Genesis 26:21; Genesis 29:27; Genesis 30:15; Genesis 32:21 [Genesis 32:20] (⬩⬩⬩גַּם הִגֵּה : so Esther 7:9) Genesis 48:11; Exodus 8:28; Exodus 12:32b Deuteronomy 1:37; 1 Samuel 28:20; 2 Samuel 11:12; 2 Kings 9:27; Isaiah 7:13 +. Often before pronouns, Genesis 4:4 וְהֶבֶל הֵבִיא גַם הוּא and Abel, he also brought, Genesis 20:5 וְהִיא־גַם־הִוא (so only here) and she herself also, Genesis 20:6; Genesis 27:31 וַיַּעַשׂ גַּם הוּא, Genesis 30:8; Deuteronomy 3:20; Judges 3:31; Judges 6:35; Judges 9:19; 1 Samuel 19:20-24 Jeremiah 12:6; Jeremiah 48:26 etc. (compare MI6 ויאמר גם הא): especially in Genealogies of J (BuUrg. 220) Genesis 4:22, 26; Genesis 10:21; Genesis 19:38; Genesis 22:20, 24 compare Judges 8:31. גַּם followed by pronoun also begins a sentence with emphasis in an elevated style, thou (they) also, Isaiah 14:10; Jeremiah 12:6 (twice in verse); Jeremiah 48:7; Ezekiel 16:52; Nahum 3:11 (twice in verse). After a pronoun in an oblique case (Ges§ 135, 2) Genesis 27:34; 1 Samuel 19:23; 2 Samuel 17:5; Jeremiah 25:14; Jeremiah 27:7 +. וְגַם and also (more often than גַּם alone attaching a sentence) Genesis 6:4; Genesis 14:16; Genesis 15:14; Genesis 17:16; Genesis 20:12; Genesis 24:14, 46; Genesis 30:6; Genesis 37:7; Genesis 38:24; Genesis 42:28; Exodus 2:19; Exodus 3:9; Exodus 4:14; Joshua 7:11 (5 times) 1 Samuel 4:17; 1 Kings 21:19 + often; with a negative = neither Exodus 5:2; Exodus 34:3 and elsewhere — גַּם⬩⬩⬩גַּם (like et... et) both... and Genesis 44:16; Genesis 47:3, 19; Numbers 18:3; Jeremiah 51:12; Psalm 49:3 +: גַּם⬩⬩⬩גַּם⬩⬩⬩גַּם⬩⬩⬩ Genesis 24:25; Judges 8:22; Ecclesiastes 9:6: with a negative neither... nor Numbers 23:25; 1 Samuel 20:27; 1 Kings 3:26, and (3 times) Genesis 43:8; Exodus 4:10; 1 Samuel 28:6. So (but seldom) וְגַם⬩⬩⬩גַּם Genesis 24:44; Exodus 10:25f; 1 Samuel 2:26; 1 Samuel 12:14; 1 Samuel 26:25: with negative 1 Samuel 21:9. — N.B. In poetry independence and emphasis is sometimes given by גַּם to a new idea, where in English we should be satisfied with and: Psalm 107:5; Psalm 137:1; Job 24:19; Cant 7:14; Lamentations 4:15.
2. with stress on a particular word, even, Exodus 4:9; Numbers 22:33 גַּם אוֺתְךָ even thee I had slain, and kept her alive, 2 Samuel 17:10; Jeremiah 2:33; Psalm 132:12; Proverbs 14:13 even in laughter the heart is sorrowful, Proverbs 14:20; Proverbs 17:28; Proverbs 20:11; Ruth 2:15; Nehemiah 3:35; and so often after כִּי, Deuteronomy 12:31 for even their sons they burn in the fire to their gods, 1 Samuel 22:17; Isaiah 26:12; Jeremiah 6:11; Jeremiah 12:6; Jeremiah 14:5; Hosea 9:12 כִּי־גַם־אוֺי לָהֶם for even woe is it to them when I depart from them; הֲגַם † Genesis 16:13; 1 Samuel 10:11, 12 = 1 Samuel 19:24; 1 Kings 17:20; Psalm 78:20; Job 41:1; Esther 7:8. Other cases: — 1 Samuel 24:12 רְאֵה גַּם רְאֵה see, yea see ! (but HupQu. Job vi. גַּם רָאֹה : compare below) Psalm 118:11; Job 2:10 גַּם אֶת־הַטּוֺב נְקַבֵּל shall we receive good (emphatic) from God and not evil ? Job 21:7; interposed once between a substantive and adjective Genesis 20:4 Gentemne etiam justam interficies? emphasizing כֹּל, Deuteronomy 28:61; Judges 9:49b 1 Samuel 22:7 גַּם־ לְכֻלְּכֶם to all (emphatic) of you will he give...? 2 Samuel 19:31 גַּם אֶת־הַכֹּל יִקָּ֑ח yea, the whole let him take! Isaiah 26:12; אֶחָד 2 Samuel 17:12b and we will not leave ⬩⬩⬩גַּם אֶחָד even one (similarly 2 Samuel 17:13 b), Psalm 14:3 (= Psalm 53:4) אֵין גַּם אֶחָד; an infinitive or cognate accusative attached to a verb, † Genesis 31:15; Genesis 46:4; Numbers 11:15; Numbers 16:13; 1 Samuel 1:6. גַּם שְׁנֵיהֶם literally even both i.e. the one as well as the other (German alle beide) is said idiomatically, † Genesis 27:45 (שְׁנֵיכֶם), Deuteronomy 22:22; Deuteronomy 23:19; 1 Samuel 25:43 (שְׁתֵּיהֶן), Proverbs 17:15; Proverbs 20:10, 12; Ruth 1:5.
3. introducing a climax, yea, especially in a rhetorical style, Genesis 27:33; Deuteronomy 23:3; Deuteronomy 23:4; Judges 5:4 (twice in verse); Isaiah 13:3; Isaiah 14:8; Isaiah 43:13 yea, from today I am the same, Isaiah 44:12 גַּם רָעֵב yea, he is hungry, and has no strength, Isaiah 47:3; Isaiah 48:8 (3 times in verse); Isaiah 57:7; Jeremiah 46:16; Jeremiah 48:2; Jeremiah 51:44; Hosea 7:9; Psalm 41:10; Psalm 84:7; Psalm 139:12; Isaiah 66:8 כִּי־חָ֫לָה גַּם־יָָֽלְדָה, צִיּוֺן אֶת־בָּנֶיהָ, Jeremiah 5:28; Jeremiah 12:2; Ezekiel 24:5; Job 21:7; Songs 8:1: emphasizing an extreme, or aggravated, case, yea, even, Isaiah 49:15 yea, these may forgot, Jeremiah 8:17 yea, the stork knoweth, etc., Isaiah 23:12 גַּם שָׁם even there no rest shall be for thee (so Psalm 139:10), Isaiah 49:25; Isaiah 57:6; Jeremiah 23:11b; Malachi 3:15; Psalm 84:4.
4. expressing correspondence, especially in the matter of retribution (the גַּם correlativum), so frequently גַּם אֲנִי, גַּם אָנֹכִי I also (on my part): — Genesis 20:6 I also [as well as thyself] know that thou hast done this innocently, Joshua 24:18; Judges 2:21; 1 Samuel 1:28 (compare Dr) 1 Samuel 28:22 גַּם אַתָּה thou also (as I have done 1 Samuel 28:21), 2 Samuel 12:13 י׳ also [responding to thy confession] hath removed thy sin, 2 Kings 2:3, 5; Isaiah 31:2; Isaiah 66:3-4 (גם⬩⬩⬩גם, emphasizing the action of both parties), Jeremiah 2:36; Jeremiah 4:12 now will I also [in correspondence with their deeds] speak judgments with them, Jeremiah 7:11; Jeremiah 51:49 (גם⬩⬩⬩גם), Ezekiel 5:8, 11; Ezekiel 16:43 (וְגַם = therefore also), Ezekiel 23:35; Hosea 4:6 because thou hast forgotten the direction of thy God, I also (on my part) will forget thy children, Psalm 52:7 (thou lovest evil, etc.) גַּם אֵל יִתָּצְךָ God also (on his part) will pluck thee up, Psalm 71:22; Psalm 133:1; Proverbs 1:26; Job 7:11; Job 12:3; Job 16:4; so וְגַם Judges 2:3; Amos 4:6, 7; Micah 6:13; Malachi 2:9. In the apodosis (uncommon): Genesis 13:16 if a man could number the dust of the earth, גַּם זַרְעֲךָ יִמָּנֶה thy seed also should be numbered, Jeremiah 31:36, 37; Jeremiah 33:21, 26; Zechariah 8:6. The correspondence is sometimes of the nature of a climax: Genesis 27:33; Genesis 30:8 I have wrestled, גַּם יָכֹלְתִּי (compare 1 Kings 22:22 וְגַם תּוּכָ֔ל, Jeremiah 50:24), Isaiah 66:8.
5. connecting two ideas which express (or imply) a contradiction, גַּם acquires sometimes an adversative force (compare אַף 1 end), yet, but, though: Psalm 95:9 they tried me, but also (Che) saw my work (namely of judgment), Psalm 129:2; Jeremiah 6:15 = Jeremiah 8:12; Ezekiel 20:23; Ecclesiastes 4:8, 16; Ecclesiastes 5:18; Nehemiah 6:1. So וְגַם Ezekiel 16:28; Ezekiel 20:15; Ecclesiastes 3:13; Ecclesiastes 6:7; Nehemiah 5:8.
6. גַּם כִּי (with imperfect) yea, when Lamentations 3:8, even when Proverbs 22:6; yea though (stating an imagined case) Isaiah 1:15; Hosea 8:10; Hosea 9:16; Psalm 23:4 (so גַּם אִם Ecclesiastes 8:17); also (is it) that Ruth 2:21 (see H3588 כִּי 1d). כִּי גַם = for even (see above 2); = though even, although (conceding a fact) Ecclesiastes 4:14 (see De) Ecclesiastes 8:12.
Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew and English Lexicon, Unabridged, Electronic Database.
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BLB Scripture Index of Brown-Driver-Briggs
Genesis
3:6; 4:4; 4:22; 4:26; 6:4; 7:3; 10:21; 13:16; 14:16; 15:14; 16:13; 17:16; 19:21; 19:38; 20:4; 20:5; 20:6; 20:6; 20:12; 22:20; 22:24; 24:14; 24:19; 24:25; 24:44; 24:46; 26:21; 27:31; 27:33; 27:33; 27:34; 27:45; 29:27; 30:6; 30:8; 30:8; 30:15; 31:15; 32:20; 37:7; 38:24; 42:28; 43:8; 44:16; 46:4; 47:3; 47:19; 48:11
Exodus
2:19; 3:9; 4:9; 4:10; 4:14; 5:2; 8:28; 10:25; 12:32; 34:3
Numbers
11:15; 16:13; 18:3; 22:33; 23:25
Deuteronomy
1:37; 3:20; 12:31; 22:22; 23:3; 23:4; 23:19; 28:61
Joshua
7:11; 24:18
Judges
2:3; 2:21; 3:31; 5:4; 6:35; 8:22; 8:31; 9:19; 9:49
Ruth
1:5; 2:15; 2:21
1 Samuel
1:6; 1:28; 2:26; 4:17; 10:11; 10:12; 12:14; 19:20; 19:21; 19:22; 19:23; 19:23; 19:24; 19:24; 20:27; 21:9; 22:7; 22:17; 24:12; 25:43; 26:25; 28:6; 28:20; 28:21; 28:22
2 Samuel
11:12; 12:13; 17:5; 17:10; 17:12; 17:13; 19:31
1 Kings
3:26; 17:20; 21:19; 22:22
2 Kings
2:3; 2:5; 9:27
Nehemiah
5:8; 6:1
Esther
7:8; 7:9
Job
2:10; 7:11; 12:3; 16:4; 21:7; 21:7; 24:19; 41:1
Psalms
14:3; 23:4; 41:10; 49:3; 52:7; 53:4; 71:22; 78:20; 84:4; 84:7; 95:9; 107:5; 118:11; 129:2; 132:12; 133:1; 137:1; 139:10; 139:12
Proverbs
1:26; 14:13; 14:20; 17:15; 17:28; 20:10; 20:11; 20:12; 22:6
Ecclesiastes
3:13; 4:8; 4:14; 4:16; 5:18; 6:7; 8:12; 8:17; 9:6
Song of Songs
8:1
Isaiah
1:15; 7:13; 13:3; 14:8; 14:10; 23:12; 26:12; 26:12; 31:2; 43:13; 44:12; 47:3; 48:8; 49:15; 49:25; 57:6; 57:7; 66:3; 66:4; 66:8; 66:8
Jeremiah
2:33; 2:36; 4:12; 5:28; 6:11; 6:15; 7:11; 8:12; 8:17; 12:2; 12:6; 12:6; 12:6; 14:5; 23:11; 25:14; 27:7; 31:36; 31:37; 33:21; 33:26; 46:16; 48:2; 48:7; 48:26; 50:24; 51:12; 51:44; 51:49
Lamentations
3:8; 4:15
Ezekiel
5:8; 5:11; 16:28; 16:43; 16:52; 20:15; 20:23; 23:35; 24:5
Hosea
4:6; 7:9; 8:10; 9:12; 9:16
Amos
4:6; 4:7
Micah
6:13
Nahum
3:11
Zechariah
8:6
Malachi
2:9; 3:15